1.What is IL?
Twist :- What is MSIL or CIL , What is JIT?
(IL)Intermediate Language is also known as MSIL (Microsoft Intermediate Language) or CIL
(Common Intermediate Language). All .NET source code is compiled to IL. This IL is then converted to machine code at the point where the software is installed, or at run-time by a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler.
2.What is the CLR?
Full form of CLR is Common Language Runtime and it forms the heart of the .NETframework.All Languages have runtime and its the responsibility of the runtime to take care ofthe code execution of the program.For example VC++ has MSCRT40.DLL,VB6 hasMSVBVM60.DLL , Java has Java Virtual Machine etc. Similarly .NET has CLR.Following are the
responsibilities of CLR
Garbage Collection :- CLR automatically manages memory thus eliminating
memory leakes. When objects are not referred GC automatically releases those
memory thus providing efficient memory management.
Code Access Security :- CAS grants rights to program depending on the security
configuration of the machine.Example the program has rights to edit or create
a new file but the security configuration of machine does not allow the program
to delete a file.CAS will take care that the code runs under the environment of
machines security configuration.
Code Verification :- This ensures proper code execution and type safety while
the code runs.It prevents the source code to perform illegal operation such as
accessing invalid memory locations etc.
IL( Intermediate language )-to-native translators and optimizer’s :- CLR uses
JIT and compiles the IL code to machine code and then executes. CLR also
determines depending on platform what is optimized way of running the IL
code.
3.What is the CTS?
In order that two language communicate smoothly CLR has CTS (Common Type System).Examplein VB you have “Integer” and in C++ you have “long” these datatypes are not compatible so theinterfacing between them is very complicated. In order that two different languages can communicate
4.What is Managed Code?
Managed code runs inside the environment of CLR i.e. .NET runtime.In short all IL are managedcode.But if you are using some third party software example VB6 or VC++ component they areunmanaged code as .NET runtime (CLR) does not have control over the source code executionof the language.
5.What is Assembly ?
Assembly is unit of deployment like EXE or a DLL.
An assembly consists of one or more files (dlls, exe’s, html files etc.), and
represents a group of resources, type definitions, and implementations of those
types. An assembly may also contain references to other assemblies. These
resources, types and references are described in a block of data called a manifest.
The manifest is part of the assembly, thus making the assembly self-describing.
An assembly is completely self-describing.An assembly contains metadata
information, which is used by the CLR for everything from type checking and
security to actually invoking the components methods.As all information is in
assembly itself it is independent of registry.This is the basic advantage as
compared to COM where the version was stored in registry.
Multiple versions can be deployed side by side in different folders. These
different versions can execute at the same time without interfering with each
other.Assemblies can be private or shared. For private assembly deployment,the
assembly is copied to the same directory as the client program that references
it.No registration is needed, and no fancy installation program is required.
6. What are different types of Assembly?
There are two types of assembly Private and Public assembly.A private assembly is normally used
by a single application, and is stored in the application's directory, or a sub-directory beneath. A
shared assembly is normally stored in the global assembly cache, which is a repository of assemblies
maintained by the .NET runtime. Shared assemblies are usually libraries of code which many
applications will find useful, e.g. Crystal report classes which will be used by all application for
Reports..
7. What is NameSpace?
Namespace has two basic functionality :-
NameSpace Logically group types.Example System.Web.UI logically groups
our UI related features.
In Object Oriented world may times its possible that programmers will use the
same class name.By qualifying NameSpace with classname this collision can
be removed.
8. What is Difference between NameSpace and Assembly?
Following are the differences between namespace and assembly :
Assembly is physical grouping of logical units. Namespace logically groups
classes.
Namespace can span multiple assembly
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